Shakil Afridi

Shakil Afridi or Shakeel Afridi is a Pakistani physician who helped the CIA run a fake vaccine program in Abbottabad, Pakistan, in order to confirm Osama bin Laden's presence in the city by obtaining DNA samples. Details of the doctor's activities emerged during the Pakistani investigation of the deadly raid on Bin Laden's residence. He was arrested from Torkham border while trying to escape the country days after the raid. On 23 May 2012, Shakil Afridi was sentenced to 33 years imprisonment for treason, initially believed to be in connection with the Bin Laden raid but later revealed to be due to ties with a local Islamist warlord Mangal Bagh. Lawyers appealed against the verdict on June 1, 2012.

Biography
Dr. Afridi comes from a humble background and in 1990 graduated from the Khyber Medical College, Peshawar. He had been working as the doctor in-charge of Khyber Agency of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas of Pakistan. The doctor has a family. Considered an American hero, Afridi is currently in a Pakistani jail and has been abandoned by Obama and the United States. He is a native of Khyber Agency In July 2011, Dr. Afridi was described as being in his late 40s.

Pakistan's accusations of Afridi
Colleagues at Jamrud Hospital in Pakistan’s northwestern Khyber tribal were suspicious of Dr. Shakeel Afridi's, the hospital’s chief surgeon, absences which he explained as "business" to attend to in Abbottabad. Dr Afridi was accused of having taken a half-dozen World Health Organization cooler boxes without authorization. The containers are for inoculation campaigns, but no immunization drives were underway in Abbottabad or the Khyber agency.

On 6 October 2011, the Pakistani commission investigating Bin Laden's death recommended that he be charged with "conspiracy against the state of Pakistan and high treason" on the basis of available evidence. Pakistan seized Dr Afridi's assets. Afridi's residence was sealed by Pakistani authorities and his family moved to an undisclosed location. The 15 female health workers, that assisted Dr Afridi in the fake vaccination program, were also declared not fit for any future employment.

Pakistani investigators said in a July 2012 report that Afridi met 25 times with "foreign secret agents, received instructions and provided sensitive information to them." According to Pakistani reports, Afridi told investigators that the charity Save the Children helped facilitate his meeting with U.S. intelligence agents although the charity denies the charge. The report alleges that Save the Children's Pakistan director introduced Afridi to a western woman in Islamabad and that Afridi and the woman met regularly afterwards.

Torture
In an interview with Fox News, Afridi described being routinely tortured by ISI interrogators with cigarette burns and electric shocks while at Apbara. (Citing "very strict security," Afridi's lawyer told BBC News that he had doubts of the authenticity of the interview.)

Family members and a member of his legal counsel claimed Dr. Afridi had been tortured while in Pakistani custody during November 2012.

Sentencing
On 28 May 2012, Prime Minister Yousuf Raza Gilani said according to the law in Pakistan Dr. Shakil Afridi has the right to defend himself and should be granted access to higher courts.

On 30 May 2012, Dr Shakil Afridi was sentenced to 33 years in prison for aiding banned militant group Lashkar-e-Islam and not for his links to the CIA, as officials had said earlier, according to a court document.

The court sentenced Afridi under the FCR act. According to the verdict, Afridi would serve 33 years in prison and has to pay Rs. 230,000 as a fine. He was initially detained at the Apbara headquarters of the Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) in Islamabad before being moved to a Peshawar Central Jail in May 2012.

On June 01, 2012, Afridi's lawyers appealed his conviction.

Hunger Strike and Current Condition
In late November 2012 Pakistani news provider, The Express Tribune, reported that Dr. Afridi had gone on a hunger strike protesting his prison conditions in the Peshawar jail. News also reported that regarding his treatment the U.S. State Department had "made their views well known to Pakistan and the public at large."

U.S. response
The U.S. Secretary of Defense, who was then CIA Chief Leon Panetta, has confirmed the role of Afridi in ascertaining the whereabouts of Bin Laden inside the compound in Abottabad. U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton has said that Pakistan has no justification for holding Dr Shakil Afridi. Rep. Dana Rohrabacher asked President Obama to intercede on Afridi's behalf, introduced two bills, H.R. 4069 to award a Congressional Gold Medal to Dr. Shakeel Afridi and H.R. 3901 to declare Afridi a naturalized U.S. citizen. The U.S. Senate panel cut $33 million in aid to Pakistan over the conviction of Shakil Afridi: $1 million for each of the 33 years of Afridi's sentence.

On May 30, 2012, U.S. authorities said a Pakistani doctor who helped the CIA track down Osama bin Laden turned down an opportunity to leave his country and resettle overseas with his family.

On 31 May 2012, U.S. authorities said that they sought clarification from Pakistan on the issue of Dr Shakeel Afridi's sentence.

On June 05, 2012, the U.S. State Department said that it was still awaiting a clarification from Pakistan on Dr Shakeel Afridi’s case.

On September 2012, the U.S. State Department offered a prisoner exchange for Siddiqui, but Pakistan denies it.

Protest by aid groups
Humanitarian organizations, including Médecins Sans Frontières, protested the use of a medical charity for espionage purposes believing it would cause suspicion of such organizations in the future and endanger personnel working on such projects claiming 'threatened immunisation work around the world'.

The Access to Justice Through Legal Aid and Welfare Organisation Peshawar Tuesday named a panel of lawyers to defend Dr Shakil Afridi in his appeal against his conviction.

Lashkar-e-Islam reaction
On May 31, 2012, Lashkar-e-Islam militants said they had nothing to do with Afridi and would kill him given the chance. A commander in the militant organization told the AFP, "We have no link to such a shameless man. If we see him we'll chew him alive."

The court said Afridi paid two million rupees ($21,000) to Lashkar-e-Islam and helped to provide medical assistance to militant commanders in Khyber. But the commander said the $21,000 was a fine imposed for over-charging patients. "Afridi and his fellow doctor were fleecing tribesmen, giving them fake medicines and doing fake surgeries. We had a lot of complaints against them and imposed a fine of two million rupees on them," he said. Local residents have also told AFP that Mangal Bagh fined Afridi for performing "unnecessary surgeries and over-charging" patients at his private clinic in the town of Bara.

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