Rebel (movement)

Rebel (tamarrud, meaning "rebellion" rather than "rebel") is a grassroots movement to register opposition to President Mohamed Morsi of Egypt and force him to call for early presidential elections by aiming to collect 15 million signatures by 30 June 2013 (which is the same date that he was sworn into office in 2012). The movement helped launch the July 2013 Egyptian protests.

The Rebel movement was started on 28 April 2013. The movement announced it collected more than 22 million signatures (22,134,460) as of 29 June 2013.

Members of the movement have stated that they would support appointing Manar el-Beheiry, the head of the Supreme Constitutional Court, to temporarily replace Morsi if he steps down.

The movement has given Morsi until 2 July 2013 to step down; if he does not step down, a civil disobedience campaign will be initiated.

The Egyptian armed forces have given both sides until 3 July 2013 to defuse the crisis. At that point, the armed forces will offer a "road map", though it has stated that it will not get involved through politics or government.

On 2 July 2013, the Salafist Call and its political wing, the Salafist Nour Party, stated that it had three main demands: a snap presidential poll should take place, a technocratic government should be formed and a committee should be formed to examine constitutional amendments.

Support
Among the political forces that announced support for the Rebel movement are: shayfeencom, the Kefaya Movement, the National Salvation Front and the April 6 Youth Movement. A former leader in Egyptian Islamic Jihad named Nabil Naem has stated that he will take part in the protests. The Strong Egypt Party has stated that it will support the movement and call for early presidential elections. The movement accepted an endorsement by Ahmed Shafik. Mohamed El Baradei, one of the leaders of the National Salvation Front, has stated that former members of the National Democratic Party would be welcomed as long as they were not convicted of any crimes.

Opposition movements
On the other hand, some Morsi supporters - belonging to the Muslim Brotherhood organization (to which President Morsi belongs) launched two campaigns called Mu'ayyed (supporter) and Tagarrod (impartiality) in response to the Rebel movement petitions and started collecting signatures to support the continuation of Mohammed Morsi's rule. The Impartiality campaign stated that it had 11 million signatures by 20 June 2013.

Some Morsi supporters criticised the Rebel movement by claiming that it is “a manipulation of the will of the people and only serves counter-revolutionary forces supported by the remnants of the Mubarak regime."

Reconciliation attempts
The Nour Party has called upon dialogue and reconciliation to occur between pro-Morsi and anti-Morsi forces. The Wasat Party has called for a meeting to be held between opposition figures and government leaders. The Salafist Call stated that "violent rhetoric . . . will divide the nation" and announced that it will not join any protests. The Nour Party, the political wing of the Salafist Call, called upon the Muslim Brotherhood to set a date for elections, to form a new unity government and to appoint a new prosecutor general.

The Homeland Party has put forward an initiative that entails forming a national coalition government, forming one committee to focus on the economy and another to oversee upcoming elections. The plan has been endorsed by multiple Islamist parties, including the Freedom and Justice Party and the Building and Development Party.

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