Tim Johnson

Timothy Peter “Tim” Johnson (born December 28, 1946) is the senior United States Senator from South Dakota, serving since 1997. He is a member of the Democratic Party. He previously served as the United States Representative for SD's at-large congressional district from 1987 to 1997, and in the state legislature from 1979 to 1987.

Early life, education and career
Johnson was born in Canton, South Dakota, the son of Ruth Jorinda (née Ljostveit) and Vandel Charles Johnson. He has Norwegian, Swedish, and Danish ancestry. Raised in Vermillion, Johnson earned a B.A. in 1969 and an M.A. in 1970 from the University of South Dakota, where he was a member of the Delta Tau Delta fraternity. After doing post-graduate studies at Michigan State University from 1970 to 1971, a period during which he worked for the Michigan State Senate, Johnson returned to the University of South Dakota and earned his J.D. in 1975. Immediately after earning his law degree, he went into private practice.

Early political career
Johnson served in the South Dakota House of Representatives from 1979 to 1982 and in the South Dakota Senate from 1983 to 1986. Johnson served as Clay County deputy state's attorney in 1985 during his tenure in the South Dakota Senate.

Johnson was elected to the United States House of Representatives from South Dakota's at-large congressional district in 1986. During his first term, he introduced more legislation than any other freshman member of the House. Between 1991 and 1994, he served as a regional whip for the Democratic Party. He left the House in 1997, when he took up his newly acquired Senate seat.

Committee assignments

 * Committee on Appropriations
 * Subcommittee on Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies
 * Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development
 * Subcommittee on Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies
 * Subcommittee on Military Construction and Veterans' Affairs, and Related Agencies (Chairman)
 * Subcommittee on State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs
 * Subcommittee on Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies
 * Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs (Chairman)
 * Subcommittee on Housing, Transportation, and Community Development
 * Subcommittee on Financial Institutions
 * Subcommittee on Securities, Insurance and Investment
 * Committee on Energy and Natural Resources
 * Subcommittee on Public Lands and Forests
 * Subcommittee on Water and Power
 * Committee on Indian Affairs

Political positions


While in the House, Johnson was among the minority of his party to vote in favor of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 – a welfare reform bill – and another bill to repeal the Federal Assault Weapons Ban. He was among the minority of Democrats to vote for President George W. Bush's 2001 tax cut. On January 31, 2006, Johnson was one of only four Democrats to vote to confirm Judge Samuel Alito to the U.S. Supreme Court. He has also called for "broadened use" of the death penalty.

Johnson was, however, among the minority of senators to vote against the Unborn Victims of Violence Act, which was strongly supported by pro-life groups. While a member of the House, he was one of only 16 congressmen to vote against the Telecom Act of 1996, which provided for deregulation and competition in the communication sector and was given firm support by Republicans, business groups, and most Democrats.

In May 2007, Johnson received an Honored Cooperator award from the National Cooperative Business Association (NCBA) for his support of cooperative businesses.

Paul Hazen, NCBA president, made the presentation to Johnson’s staff at the NCBA annual meeting in Arlington, Virginia. Hazen praised Johnson for consistently supporting the Rural Cooperative Development Grants (RCDG) program which, typically funded at $6 million annually, is the only federal grants program devoted solely to forming and expanding co-ops.

Johnson supported President Barack Obama's health reform legislation; he voted for the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act in December 2009, and he voted for the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010.

In May 2010, Johnson introduced the Tony Dean Cheyenne River Valley Conservation Act of 2010, a bill that would designate over 48000 acre of the Buffalo Gap National Grassland as protected wilderness. The act would allow the continuation of grazing and hunting on the land and would create the first national grassland wilderness in the country.

On December 18, 2010, Johnson voted in favor of the Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010.

Health
Johnson was treated for prostate cancer in 2004 and further tests showed that he was clear of the disease. On December 13, 2006, during the broadcast of a live radio interview from Washington with WNAX radio in Yankton, South Dakota, Johnson suffered bleeding in the brain caused by a cerebral arteriovenous malformation, a congenital defect that causes enlarged and tangled blood vessels. In critical condition, he underwent surgery at George Washington University Hospital to drain the blood and stop further bleeding. Johnson then underwent a lengthy regimen of physical, occupational, and speech therapy to gain strength and mobility and restore his severely affected speech. In his 2007 State of the Union Address, President George W. Bush wished Johnson well.

On February 15, 2007, Johnson marked his return to Senate work by co-sponsoring his first piece of legislation since his illness, the Emergency Farm Relief Act of 2007. Johnson returned to his full schedule in the Senate on September 5, 2007 to both tributes and standing ovations. His speech, although much improved, continues to be affected by his stroke.

Political campaigns
Johnson narrowly defeated three-term Senator Larry Pressler (R) in the 1996 U.S. Senate election, making him the only Senate candidate to defeat an incumbent in a year that saw thirteen open seats. In 2002, he defeated his successor in the at-large House seat, U.S. Representative John Thune (R), by 524 votes to win re-election. Johnson's re-election race was widely seen as a proxy battle between President George W. Bush, who had carried South Dakota comfortably in 2000, and the state's senior Senator and Johnson's fellow Democrat, Senate Majority Leader Tom Daschle, who was subsequently up for re-election in 2004 and lost to Thune.

2008
Johnson ran for reelection in 2008. While he was recovering earlier in the campaign season, fellow Democratic senators raised funds on behalf of his campaign. Early polls showed Johnson likely to beat the Republican challenger, Joel Dykstra, and he did, with 62.5% of the vote.

In January 2008, Johnson endorsed Barack Obama for President in the Democratic primary.

Electoral history
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em ; font-size:95%" !|Year ! !|Democrat !|Votes !|Pct ! !|Republican !|Votes !|Pct ! !|3rd Party !|Party !|Votes !|Pct ! !|3rd Party !|Party !|Votes !|Pct !
 * + South Dakota's at-large congressional district: Results 1986–1994
 * 1986
 * |Tim Johnson
 * align="right" |171,462
 * |59%
 * |Dale Bell
 * align="right" |118,261
 * |41%
 * 1988
 * |Tim Johnson
 * align="right" |223,759
 * |72%
 * |David Volk
 * align="right" |88,157
 * |28%
 * 1990
 * |Tim Johnson
 * align="right" |173,814
 * |68%
 * |Don Frankenfeld
 * align="right" |83,484
 * |32%
 * 1992
 * |Tim Johnson
 * align="right" |230,070
 * |69%
 * |John Timmer
 * align="right" |89,375
 * |27%
 * |Ronald Wieczorek
 * |Independent
 * align="right" |6,746
 * align="right" |2%
 * |Robert J. Newland
 * |Libertarian
 * align="right" |3,931
 * align="right" |1%
 * 1994
 * |Tim Johnson
 * align="right" |183,036
 * |60%
 * |Jan Berkhout
 * align="right" |112,054
 * |37%
 * |Ronald Wieczorek
 * |Independent
 * align="right" |10,832
 * align="right" |4%
 * |68%
 * |Don Frankenfeld
 * align="right" |83,484
 * |32%
 * 1992
 * |Tim Johnson
 * align="right" |230,070
 * |69%
 * |John Timmer
 * align="right" |89,375
 * |27%
 * |Ronald Wieczorek
 * |Independent
 * align="right" |6,746
 * align="right" |2%
 * |Robert J. Newland
 * |Libertarian
 * align="right" |3,931
 * align="right" |1%
 * 1994
 * |Tim Johnson
 * align="right" |183,036
 * |60%
 * |Jan Berkhout
 * align="right" |112,054
 * |37%
 * |Ronald Wieczorek
 * |Independent
 * align="right" |10,832
 * align="right" |4%
 * align="right" |2%
 * |Robert J. Newland
 * |Libertarian
 * align="right" |3,931
 * align="right" |1%
 * 1994
 * |Tim Johnson
 * align="right" |183,036
 * |60%
 * |Jan Berkhout
 * align="right" |112,054
 * |37%
 * |Ronald Wieczorek
 * |Independent
 * align="right" |10,832
 * align="right" |4%
 * |37%
 * |Ronald Wieczorek
 * |Independent
 * align="right" |10,832
 * align="right" |4%
 * align="right" |4%

* Write-in and minor candidate notes: In 1992, Ann Balakier received 2,780 votes.

{| class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em ; font-size:95%" !|Year ! !|Democrat !|Votes !|Pct ! !|Republican !|Votes !|Pct ! !|3rd Party !|Party !|Votes !|Pct !
 * + South Dakota Senator (Class II): Results 1996–2008
 * 1996
 * |Tim Johnson
 * align="right" |166,533
 * |51%
 * |Larry Pressler
 * align="right" |157,954
 * |49%
 * 2002
 * |Tim Johnson
 * align="right" |167,481
 * |50%
 * |John Thune
 * align="right" |166,949
 * |49%
 * |Kurt Evans
 * |Libertarian
 * align="right" |3,071
 * align="right" |1%
 * 2008
 * |Tim Johnson
 * align="right" |237,866
 * |62.5%
 * |Joel Dykstra
 * align="right" |142,778
 * |37.5%
 * |49%
 * |Kurt Evans
 * |Libertarian
 * align="right" |3,071
 * align="right" |1%
 * 2008
 * |Tim Johnson
 * align="right" |237,866
 * |62.5%
 * |Joel Dykstra
 * align="right" |142,778
 * |37.5%
 * |62.5%
 * |Joel Dykstra
 * align="right" |142,778
 * |37.5%
 * |37.5%

Personal life
Johnson's elder son, Brooks, serves in the U.S. Army. Johnson and his wife Barbara, a professional social worker, have another son, Brendan, the current United States Attorney for the District of South Dakota, and a daughter, Kelsey.

= Resources =